Mineral distribution

Along with 48.83% arable land, India has significant sources of coal (fourth-largest reserves in the world), bauxite, titanium ore, chrome, natural gas, diamonds, petroleum, and limestone. According to the 2008 Ministry of Mines estimates: India has stepped up its production to reach the second rank among the chrome producers of the world. Besides, India ranks 3rd in production of coal & lignite, 2nd in barites, 4th in iron ore, 5th in bauxite and crude steel, 7th in manganese ore and 8th in aluminum.
India accounts for 12% of the world's known and economically available thorium. It is the world's largest producer and exporter of mica, accounting for almost 60 percent of the net mica production in the world, which it exports to the United Kingdom, Japan, United States of America etc. As one of the largest producers and exporters of iron ore in the world, its majority exports go to Japan, Korea, Europe and the Middle East. Japan accounts for nearly 3/4th of India's total iron ore exports. It also has one of the largest deposits of manganese in the world, and is a leading producer as well as exporter of manganese ore, which it exports to Japan, Europe (Sweden, Belgium, Norway, among other countries), and to a lesser extent, the United States of America.
   India mining industry covers exploration of new minerals and mines, production of mineral resources from various mines in india, processing of the mineral ores like iron ore, bauxite ore, manganese ore etc. to obtain the more useful forms like iron, steel, Aluminium, manganese, etc., extraction of coal, gold, diamond etc. and economic matters of the india industry of mineral ore mining, the governmental mining policy, regulatory acts and laws, mining infrastructure of india, small-scale and mass mining projects, impact of mining jobs on the environment and other community issues.
The mining industry in India includes both metallurgical and mineral mining industries in India and together they form the backbone of the industrial development of India as they provide the basic raw materials like coal, petrol, mining minerals, steel, copper, Aluminium metals etc. to the India manufacturers.
Mining in India is over 6000 years old. The oldest mines in India include lead-zinc mineral deposits at Zawar, copper deposits at Khetri, and gold deposits in Karnataka. The mining techniques used back then were much ahead of their time specially the smelting techniques. A timeless example of the mastery of the old times craftsmen is the Iron Pillar in the Qutab Minar complex in New Delhi.
India mining products include a total of 84 minerals consisting of 4 fuels, 49 non-metallic industrial minerals, 11 metallic minerals, and 20 minor minerals. These mined products include: Aluminium, coal, cobalt, copper, chromium, diamond, gold, iron ore, lead, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, oil sands, palladium, platinum, silver, tantalum, tin, titanium, tungsten, uranium, vanadium, zinc, etc.

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